Polars and pandas both provide DataFrame-based data analysis in Python, but they differ in syntax, performance, and features. In this tutorial on Polars vs pandas, you’ll compare their method chaining styles, run timed performance tests, explore LazyFrame optimizations in Polars, convert data between the two libraries, and create plots with their built-in tools. You’ll also examine scenarios where each library’s strengths make it the better choice. By the end of this tutorial, you’ll understand that: Polars expressions and contexts let […]

Descriptors are a specific Python feature that power a lot of the magic hidden under the language’s hood. If you’ve ever thought that Python descriptors are an advanced topic with few practical applications, then this video course is the perfect tool to help you understand this powerful feature. You’ll come to understand why Python descriptors are such an interesting topic and discover the kinds of use cases where you can apply them. By the end of this video course, you’ll […]

Interactive Quiz ⋅ 8 QuestionsBy Leodanis Pozo Ramos Share Ready to check your foundation in Python? This quiz reviews core beginner topics like variables, keywords, strings, and errors. You’ll also practice commands and tools that help you get started quickly. As you work through the questions, focus on recognizing patterns and understanding why an answer is correct. For a guided introduction, see How to Use Python: Your First Steps. The quiz contains 8 questions and there is no time limit. […]

The Python syntax is clear, concise, and focused on readability. Readability is arguably one of the most appealing features of the language itself. It makes Python ideal for those learning to program. In this section, you’ll learn about several key components of Python syntax: In the following sections, you’ll learn the essentials of Python’s syntax. With this knowledge, you’ll understand the basics of how to use Python to write real programs. Comments Comments are pieces of text that live in […]

Interactive Quiz ⋅ 11 QuestionsBy Bartosz Zaczyński Share In this quiz, you’ll test your understanding of Python 3.14: Cool New Features for You to Try. By working through this quiz, you’ll review the key updates and improvements in this version of Python. The quiz contains 11 questions and there is no time limit. You’ll get 1 point for each correct answer. At the end of the quiz, you’ll receive a total score. The maximum score is 100%. Good luck! Related […]

Watch Now This tutorial has a related video course created by the Real Python team. Watch it together with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: What’s New in Python 3.14 Python 3.14 was released on October 7, 2025. While many of its biggest changes happen under the hood, there are practical improvements you’ll notice right away. This version sharpens the language’s tools, boosts ergonomics, and opens doors to new capabilities without forcing you to rewrite everything. If you want […]

Python 3.14 was published on October 7, 2025. While many of its biggest changes happen under the hood, there are practical improvements you’ll notice right away. This version sharpens the language’s tools, boosts ergonomics, and opens doors to new capabilities without forcing you to rewrite everything. In this video course, you’ll explore features like: A smarter, more colorful REPL experience Error messages that guide you toward fixes Safer hooks for live debugging Template strings (t-strings) for controlled interpolation Deferred annotation […]

Python 3.14 nears release with new features in sight, and Django 6.0 alpha hints at what’s next for the web framework. Several PEPs have landed, including improvements to type annotations and support for the free-threaded Python effort. Plus, the Python Software Foundation announced new board members, while Real Python dropped a bundle of fresh tutorials and updates. Read on to learn what’s new in the world of Python this month! Python 3.14 Reaches Release Candidate 3 Python 3.14.0rc3 was announced […]

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is a new open protocol that allows AI models to interact with external systems in a standardized, extensible way. In this tutorial, you’ll install MCP, explore its client-server architecture, and work with its core concepts: prompts, resources, and tools. You’ll then build and test a Python MCP server that queries e-commerce data and integrate it with an AI agent in Cursor to see real tool calls in action. By the end of this tutorial, you’ll […]

Interactive Quiz ⋅ 11 QuestionsBy Martin Breuss Share This quiz helps you review the core ideas behind the Model Context Protocol (MCP). You will practice how MCP connects large language models with external systems, how to install it, and what role prompts, resources, and tools play. You’ll also revisit best practices for defining tools, explore client-server setups like Cursor, and check your understanding of transports and testing. For a full walkthrough, see Python MCP Server: Connect LLMs to Your Data. […]