Cancer radiomics is an emerging discipline promising to elucidate lesion phenotypes and tumor heterogeneity through patterns of enhancement, texture, morphology, and shape. The prevailing technique for image texture analysis relies on the construction and synthesis of Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCM)… Practice currently reduces the structured count data of a GLCM to reductive and redundant summary statistics for which analysis requires variable selection and multiple comparisons for each application, thus limiting reproducibility. In this article, we develop a Bayesian multivariate probabilistic […]

We describe the BeyondPlanck project in terms of motivation, methodology and main products, and provide a guide to a set of companion papers that describe each result in fuller detail. Building directly on experience from ESA’s Planck mission, we implement a complete end-to-end Bayesian analysis framework for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) observations… The primary product is a joint posterior distribution P(omega|d), where omega represents the set of all free instrumental (gain, correlated noise, bandpass etc. ), astrophysical (synchrotron, […]

In this paper, we propose an approach based on domain conditional normalization (DCN) for zero-pair image-to-image translation, i.e., translating between two domains which have no paired training data available but each have paired training data with a third domain. We employ a single generator which has an encoder-decoder structure and analyze different implementations of domain conditional normalization to obtain the desired target domain output… The validation benchmark uses RGB-depth pairs and RGB-semantic pairs for training and compares performance for the […]

Scribble-supervised semantic segmentation has gained much attention recently for its promising performance without high-quality annotations. Many approaches have been proposed… Typically, they handle this problem to either introduce a well-labeled dataset from another related task, turn to iterative refinement and post-processing with the graphical model, or manipulate the scribble label. This work aims to achieve semantic segmentation supervised by scribble label directly without auxiliary information and other intermediate manipulation. Specifically, we impose diffusion on neural representation by random walk and […]

Solving classification with graph methods has gained huge popularity in recent years. This is due to the fact that the data can be intuitively modeled with graphs to utilize high level features to aid in solving the classification problem… CULP which is short for Classification Using Link Prediction is a graph-based classifier. This classifier utilizes the graph representation of the data and transforms the problem to that of link prediction where we try to find the link between an unlabeled […]

In quantum mechanics, a norm squared wave function can be interpreted as the probability density that describes the likelihood of a particle to be measured in a given position or momentum. This statistical property is at the core of the microcosmos… Meanwhile, machine learning inverse design of materials raised intensive attention, resulting in various intelligent systems for matter engineering. Here, inspired by quantum theory, we propose a probabilistic deep learning paradigm for the inverse design of functional meta-structures. Our probability-density-based […]

Machine learning practitioners frequently seek to leverage the most informative available data, without violating the data owner’s privacy, when building predictive models. Differentially private data synthesis protects personal details from exposure, and allows for the training of differentially private machine learning models on privately generated datasets… But how can we effectively assess the efficacy of differentially private synthetic data? In this paper, we survey four differentially private generative adversarial networks for data synthesis. We evaluate each of them at scale […]

We develop computationally affordable and encoding independent gradient evaluation procedures for unitary coupled-cluster type operators, applicable on quantum computers. We show that, within our framework, the gradient of an expectation value with respect to a parameterized n-fold fermionic excitation can be evaluated by four expectation values of similar form and size, whereas most standard approaches based on the direct application of the parameter-shift-rule come with an associated cost of O(2^(2n)) expectation values… For real wavefunctions, this cost can be further […]

Image classification in the open-world must handle out-of-distribution (OOD) images. Systems should ideally reject OOD images, or they will map atop of known classes and reduce reliability… Using open-set classifiers that can reject OOD inputs can help. However, optimal accuracy of open-set classifiers depend on the frequency of OOD data. Thus, for either standard or open-set classifiers, it is important to be able to determine when the world changes and increasing OOD inputs will result in reduced system reliability. However, […]

This document describes shared development of finite-state description of two closely related but endangered minority languages, Erzya and Moksha. It touches upon morpholexical unity and diversity of the two languages and how this provides a motivation for shared open-source FST development… We describe how we have designed the transducers so that they can benefit from existing open-source infrastructures and are as reusable as possible. (read more) PDF Abstract