Watch Now This tutorial has a related video course created by the Real Python team. Watch it together with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: Working With JSON Data in Python Since its introduction, JSON has rapidly emerged as the predominant standard for the exchange of information. Whether you want to transfer data with an API or store information in a document database, it’s likely you’ll encounter JSON. Fortunately, Python provides robust tools to facilitate this process and help […]

Python has many built-in functions that you can use directly without importing anything. These functions cover a wide variety of common programming tasks that include performing math operations, working with built-in data types, processing iterables of data, handling input and output in your programs, working with scopes, and more. To get the most out of this tutorial, you’ll need to be familiar with Python programming, including topics like working with built-in data types, functions, classes, decorators, scopes, and the import […]

Python’s unittest.mock library is a tool that helps you create mock objects to simulate complex logic and unpredictable dependencies. This helps you write valuable tests that verify your application logic is correct, reliable, and efficient. You’ll begin by learning about what mocking is and how you can use it to improve your tests. What Is Mocking? A mock object substitutes and imitates a real object within a testing environment. Using mock objects is a versatile and powerful way to improve […]