NeurIPS 2020: Moving toward real-world reinforcement learning via batch RL, strategic exploration, and representation learning

As human beings, we encounter unfamiliar situations all the time—learning to drive, living on our own for the first time, starting a new job. And while we can anticipate what to expect based on what others have told us or what we’ve picked up from books and depictions in movies and TV, it isn’t until we’re behind the wheel of a car, maintaining an apartment, or doing a job in a workplace that we’re able to take advantage of one […]

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Research Collection – Reinforcement Learning at Microsoft

Reinforcement learning is about agents taking information from the world and learning a policy for interacting with it, so that they perform better. So, you can imagine a future where, every time you type on the keyboard, the keyboard learns to understand you better. Or every time you interact with some website, it understands better what your preferences are, so the world just starts working better and better at interacting with people. John Langford, Partner Research Manager, MSR NYC Fundamentally, […]

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Utilizing consumer cameras for contact-free physiological measurement in telehealth and beyond

Our research is enabling robust and scalable measurement of physiology. Cameras on everyday devices can be used to detect subtle changes in light reflected from the body caused by physiological processes. Machine learning algorithms are then used to process the camera images and recover the underlying pulse and respiration signals that can then be used for health and wellness tracking. According to the CDC WONDER Online Database, heart disease is currently the leading cause of death for both men and […]

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A Microsoft custom data type for efficient inference

AI is taking on an increasingly important role in many Microsoft products, such as Bing and Office 365. In some cases, it’s being used to power outward-facing features like semantic search in Microsoft Word or intelligent answers in Bing, and deep neural networks (DNNs) are one key to powering these features. One aspect of DNNs is inference—once these networks are trained, they use inference to make judgments about unknown information based on prior learning. In Bing, for example, DNN inference […]

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Adversarial machine learning and instrumental variables for flexible causal modeling

We are going through a new shift in machine learning (ML), where ML models are increasingly being used to automate decision-making in a multitude of domains: what personalized treatment should be administered to a patient, what discount should be offered to an online customer, and other important decisions that can greatly impact people’s lives. The machine learning revolution was primarily driven by problems that are distant from such decision-making scenarios. The first scenarios include predicting what an image depicts, predicting […]

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The human side of AI for chess

As artificial intelligence continues its rapid progress, equaling or surpassing human performance on benchmarks in an increasing range of tasks, researchers in the field are directing more effort to the interaction between humans and AI in domains where both are active. Chess stands as a model system for studying how people can collaborate with AI, or learn from AI, just as chess has served as a leading indicator of many central questions in AI throughout the field’s history. AI-powered chess […]

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Project InnerEye evaluation shows how AI can augment and accelerate clinicians’ ability to perform radiotherapy planning 13 times faster

Up to half of the population in the United States and United Kingdom will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lives. Of those, half will be treated with radiotherapy (RT), often in combination with other treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and increasingly immunotherapy. Radiotherapy involves focusing high-intensity radiation beams to damage the DNA of deep-seated cancerous tumors while avoiding surrounding healthy organs (known as organs at risk or OARs). Around 40% of successfully treated cancer patients undergo […]

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Enabling interaction between mixed reality and robots via cloud-based localization

You are here. We see some representation of this every day—a red pin, a pulsating blue dot, a small graphic of an airplane. Without a point of reference on which to anchor it, though, here doesn’t help us make our next move or coordinate with others. But in the context of an office building, street, or U.S. map, “here” becomes a location that we can understand in relation to other points. We’re near the lobby; at the intersection of Broadway […]

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A holistic representation toward integrative AI

At Microsoft, we have been on a quest to advance AI beyond existing techniques, by taking a more holistic, human-centric approach to learning and understanding. As Chief Technology Officer of Azure AI Cognitive Services, I have been working with a team of amazing scientists and engineers to turn this quest into a reality. In my role, I enjoy a unique perspective in viewing the relationship among three attributes of human cognition: monolingual text (X), audio or visual sensory signals, (Y) […]

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Physics matters: Haptic PIVOT, an on-demand controller, simulates physical forces such as momentum and gravity

When you reach out an empty hand to pick an apple from a tree, you’re met with a variety of sensations—the firmness of the apple as you grip it, the resistance from the branch as you tug the apple free, the weight of the apple in your palm once you’ve plucked it, and the smooth, round surface under your fingertips. In recent years, steady progress in haptic controllers from Microsoft Research has moved us toward a virtual reality (VR) experience […]

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